Speed-controlling and reversing mechanism.



M. c. JOHNSON. SPEED GONTROLLING AND REVERSING MEGHANISM,

(Application med me. 12'. 1901.)

4 Sheets-'Sheet I.

V(No Model.)

(NM n lll No. 699,872. Patented May I3, |902. M. c. JoHNsoN.

SPEED CONTROLLING AND REVERSING MECHANISM.

(Application' filed De. 12, 1901.) (No Modell.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

ma Nunnls News c c.

No. 699,872. Patented May [121902f A M. c. JOHNSON. y SPEED CUN-[ROLLING AND HEVEBSING MECHANISM.

(Application led Dec, 12, 1901.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3,

me Norms mans co. How-Luna, WASMINGYDN, n. c.

. Patented May )3, |902.

4 Sheets-Shet 4 Inventar." f J6. 6570/7225022/ l ull x n 5111* .illu

` M. c. .|uHNs0N. SPEED CONTRDLLING AND REVERSING MECHANISM.

(Application led Dec. 12, 1901.)

(No Model.)

UNTTED STATES PATENT OEEIOE.

MOSES CfJOIlNSON, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

SPEED-CONTROLLING AND REVERSING MECHANISIVI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent o. 699,872, dated May 13, 1902. Application filed December 12, 1901. Serial No. 85,577. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, MOsEs C. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hart# ford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connect-icut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Speed-Controlling and Reversing Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates-to speed-controlling and reversing mechanism designed more particularly for marine propulsion, although it is 'not limited to such use.

In the marine propulsion of small vesselsfor instance, yachts and launches-bulkyand cumbersome mechanism requiring a large amount of space has been commonly employed, and it is a desideratum to reduce the size of this mechanism to compact form and to provide a simple construction working easily and with a minimum of friction to drive the propeller or other motive shaft full speed ahead, with the capability of a quick reverse.

My invention has for its object the provision of simple and compact mechanism connected with the main driver or engine shaft in such a way that these results may be accomplished with ease and rapidity, as will be hereinafter set forth.

Afurther object of the invention is the provision of means for actuating the clutches employed in my improved mechanism and for throwing` into and out of action simultaneously with the movements of one of the clutch-actuating devices a gear-wheel, which through interposed gears and shafting will impart a reverse movement to the driven shaft.

Afurther object of the invention is the provision of improved driving and reversing mechanism comprising friction cups and clutches,one of which cups is normally splined to the driving-shaft, while the other is freely movable upon a sleeve or quill loosely mounted upon said drivin gshaft, said sleeve being keyed or otherwise connected tothe driven shaft, a counter-shaft connected by gearing at one end with one of the friction-cups and at its other end with reversing-gearing, one element of which is a gear loosely mounted on the other friction-cup, and means for actuating clutches of any desired kind operating in connection with the friction-cups, so

that the driven shaft may be rotated either in one direction or in the other direction at the will of the engineer or motorman.

i A further object of the invention is the provision of improved cam mechanism for actuating a lever controlling the clutch-operating devices and simultaneously therewith for actuating a second lever connected by a fork or otherwise with a gear-wheel loosely mounted on' the sleeve or hub of one of the frictioncups, said sleeve or hub carrying clutch-pins, which when the gear is thrown inward by said lever and cam mechanism will cooperate with comple men tal clutch-pins carried by the friction-cup and will thereby produce in connection with gearing hereinafter described a reverse motion of thev driven shaft.

I In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved speed-controlling and reversing mechanism,the driving and driven shafts being broken away. Fig. 2 is a right-hand end elevation with one of the shafts in section. Fig. 3 is a partial section on line 3 3, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of my improved mechanism, taken on line 4.- 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on line 5 5 of Fig. 1 with certain parts in plan View. Fig. G is a detail View, with parts in section, of my improved clutch-actuating mechanism. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the device shown in Fig. G, taken on interrupted line 7 7 of said figure and looking in the direction of the arrow. Figs. S and 9 are respectively perspective representations of the wedge-blocks employed for adjusting the clutch-operating levers. Figs. 10 and 11 are respectively perspective views of a modification of said wedgeblocks. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a pin orbolt employed with said modification. Fig. 13 is an end view,on a slightly-reduced scale,of the sleeve or barrel of the clutch mechanism; and Fig. 14 is a side elevation of'oneof the expansion-rings, also on a reduced scale.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates in a general way the framework of my improved mechanismwhich may be of any desired kind, but is in the construction illustrated composed of a base or bed plate 2 and pairs of standards 3 3 32 34, respectively,

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rising vertically from said bed-plate.

At or about its central portion this framework is provided with short vertical standards 4, and longitudinally it is formed with a guideway 5, which may be a slot closed on the bottom by a plate 6, secured in place by screws 6'.

Journaled in half-bearings 7 7' of the standards 3 3' are friction-cups 8 and 9, respectively, the cup 8 having a comparatively long sleeve or hub 8' and The cup 9 a short sleeve or hub 9', as shown in Fig. 4.

Designated by the numeral 10 is a drivingshaft which-may be actuated by any suitable motor, and this shaft is provided with a shoulder 10' and with an extension 102, illustrated as differing in diameter from the main part of the' shaft. To the driving-shaft, adjacent to one end thereof, the hub 8' of the frictioncup 8 is secured by a spline or feather 11, as

illustrated in Fig. 4, and loosely surrounding the extension 102 of said shaft is a sleeve or quill 12, provided with a spline 12'. Splined to the quill 12 between the standards 3 3' is a sleeve 13, and secured to this sleeve by screws 14 14' are keys 15 15', said keys being.r seated in recesses 132 of the sleeve. Fitted over the reduced ends of the sleeve 13 and grooved to receive the keys 15 15', which prevent them from rotating, are expansion-rings 16 16', it being understood, of course, that the f riction-cups 8 and 9 surround said rings. At its respective ends the sleeve 13 is recessed at 13', and it also is grooved or slotted longitudinally at 132 on each side, as represented in Figs. 6 and 13. Located in the recessed portions of the sleeve are clutch-levers 17, and inasmuch as these levers at one end of the sleeve are precisely similar to those at the other end thereof said levers and their like operating mechanisms will be referred to .by the same numerals in the description hereinafter given. On its side adjacent to its outer end each lever 17 is provided with a pocket 172, having an inclined bottom wall to. receive wedge-blocks 18, as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, and these wedge-blocks have beveled or inclined faces 18', (see Figs. 8 and 9,) and one of the wedge-blocks is grooved at 182 to receive a flange of an adjusting-screw 19, which is threaded into the lever, as illustrated in Fig. 7, said screw when turned serving to adjust the blocks with reference to lthe inclined bottoms of the pockets in which they rest for the purpose of taking up wear or lost motion'. To enable both of the blocks to be simultaneously adjusted.- by a single screw, one of said blocks is provided with a toothor projection. 20and the other with a seatv or socket 21 for the reception of said tooth when the levers are rocked to actuate and release the expansion-ring. B y this constructionwhen `the screw 19 is turned both .blocks will be `simultaneously adjusted inthe stituted) the levers are made to rock posithe inner ends of said pins travel in grooves f 24, formed in the sleeve 13, and serve to guide the clutch-levers to prevent the dis` placement of said levers and to aid in resisting the thrust upon the same when the levers are actuated by the block 22 to expand the friction-ring.

To lock the adjusting screw 19 against movement, the one ot the levers 17 in which said screw is located is split at 172, and a screw 70 is employed for forcing the split parts together to bind said screw 19, and to prevent the levers from becoming detached from the expansion-rings @otter-pins 25 may be employed, said pins being driven into small grooves formed in the heads of the levers and the free ends of said rings, as illustrated in Fig. 7.

Designated by the numeral 26 is a clutchactuating ring or sleeve, to the under side ot' which the wedge-blocks 22 are secured by screws 27, and as these Wedge-blocks slide in the grooves 132 of sleeve 13 and as said sleeve is splined to the quill 12 it will be seen that when the quill is rotated the clutch-actuating ring will move with it. This ring 26 is grooved at 26' to receive the arms of a fork 28, connected to shoes 29, fitting in the groove 26' in the usual manner, and at its lower end the fork is mounted between the short standards 4 upon pivot pins or bolts 282 292 and is provided with a laterally-extending arm 28', in which is fit-ted and projects therefrom a pin 30. It will be seen that this shipper-fork constitutes an angle-lever and that when rocked in either direction by means hereinafterdescribed it will shift the clutch-actuating ring 26 back and forth upon the sleeve 13 and will cause the blocks 22 to actuate one or the other ofthe sets of clutch-levers 17, according to the direction in which said ring is shifted, and will lock the expansion-ring 16 or 16', as the case may be, to the friction-cup 8 or 9 which it is desired to operate. For securing the friction-cups in place in the half-bearings 7 7' swinging caps 3l 31 are provided, and these caps are locked in position after the friction-cups and `the parts with which they are connected and assembled are located in said half-bearings 7 7l by pivoted bolts and nuts 32 32', as shownin Fig. 1.

Loosely mounted upon the long hub or sleeve 8' of the friction-cup 8 is a gear-wheel or it may be other power-transmitting element 33, and splined to the short hub 9' of the friction-cup 9 is another gear-wheel 34,

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. as shown in Fig. 4.

the teeth of Which are in mesh with au idlerpinion 35, rotating upon a stud 3G, projecting laterally from the frame 1. Journaled in bearings 37 37 of the frame is a shaft 38, which may be either tubular, as shown, or solid, if desired. To one end of this shaft 38 a gear-Wheel 39 is splined, and on the other end said shaft has secured to it in any desired way a gear-Wheel 40, the teeth of which are in mesh with the teeth of the intermediate pinion or idler 35, while the gear 39 is in direct engagementgwith the gear-Wheel 33, loosely mountedon the hub 8 of friction-cup 8, as above stated. Fitted in sockets of the gear-Wheel 33 are clutch-pins 41, and carried by the friction-cup 8 are complemental clutch-pins 42, On its inner face the gear-Wheel 33 is grooved at 33 to receive the heads of the clutch-pins 41, and, as will be seen, when said gear-Wheel 33 is shifted upon the hub 8 these pins 41 and 42 Will engage and will impart motion to the driven shaft in a manner hereinafter stated. The hub of gear-Wheel 33 is grooved to receive the arms of the shipper-fork 43, connected with shoes 44, Working in said groove in the usual manner. At its lower end this shipper-fork is pivoted at 45 to a laterally-projecting bracket 46 of the framework and is provided with a laterally-extending arm 43', carrying a pin 47, for a purpose hereinafter stated, the fork and arm constituting an angle-lever.

Fitted for longitudinal reciprocation in the guideway 5 of the bed-plate of the machine is a slide 48, and projecting vertically from this slide and at one end partially overhanging the path of movement of the same is a long vertical standard 49, said standard being provided With cam-slots 50 and 51, respectively, for the reception of the pins 30 and 47, projecting from the arms 28' and 43 of the shipper-forks 28 and 43, as illustrated in Fig. 1. The cam-slot 50 is of peculiar construction, it being provided with an active portion 50 at one end,an intermediate straight or neutral portion 502, and an active portion 503 at its opposite end, While the cam-slot 51 has two neutral or non-active portions 51 512, respectively, at its ends and an intermediate active portion 513. As above stated,the pins 30 and 47 (which are usually equipped with antifriction-rollers) are fitted in these camslots, and When the slide 48 is reciprocated said cam-slots will actuate in proper sequence the shipperlevers to which they are connected.

For reciprocating slide 48 any desired means may be employed, andI have shown for this purpose a lever 52, secured to a rock-shaft 52', journaled in a bearing 53 of a bracket 53, projecting from the frame and connected at its end opposite to the lever with au extension 48 of slide 48 by a link 55.

Designated by the numeral 5G is a driven shaft which maybe connected with any mechanism it is desired to operate in one direction or in the other direction atrhe rate of speed required, and the stem or reduced p0rtion 56 of this shaft may be secured to the quill 12 by keys 57 or in any other approved manner.

In Figs. 10, 11, and 12 a modification of the devices for adjusting the Wedge-blocks 18 is illustrated, and in this modification the Wedge-blocks 58 58 are provided with grooves 59 59 in their contacting faces, the toothand-socket construction of Figs. 8 and 9 being avoided. Fitted in these grooves is a bolt 60, Fig. 12, which serves as a bearing to permit the blocks to rock on the pitch-line when the levers 17 are actuated, and this bolt is iianged at its ends at 60 602, and When placed in position in the grooves 59 59 said ianges overlap the ends of the grooves, so that when one of the blocks-for instance, 58 (which is grooved on its side at 582)-is adjusted by the screw 19 the other block Will be compelled to move with it along the inclined bottom Walls of the pockets or seats 17s in the levers 17 to take up Wear or lost motion.

In the positions of the various parts of the mechanism illustrated in Figs. 1, 4, and 6 neither expansion-ring is in engagement with its friction-cup and the nose of each Wedgeshaped block 22, carried by the shipper-ring 26, lies between the inwardly-beveled rear ends of the levers 17. In this position of the mechanism all the gears aud other parts are idle With the exception of the friction-cup 8, the hub 8 of which being splined to the driving-shaft 10 causes said cup continuously to rotate With said shaft. j

In the operation of my improved mechanism should it be desired to turn the driven shaft to impel the launch or other conveyance in Which the machine is located the lever 52 is grasped and pushed toward the left, thereby through the link 55 or other connection which may be substituted therefor reciprocating the slide 48 in the same direction and causing the portion 50 of the cam 50 to act upon the pin 30 of arm 28 and throw the lever 28 to the left to actuate shipper-ring 26 and cause the Wedge-block 22 to rock the clutchlevers 17 and expand the split ring 16 into firm contact with the inner Wall of the frictioncup 8. Inasmuch as this split ring is connected by key 15 to the sleeve 13 (the latter being splined to quill 12) and as the hub ofsaid cup is splined to the driving-shaft 10, it will be seen that when thusconnected the quill Will be rotated and will, through its keyed connection 57 with the driven shaft, force said shaft to turn in a forward direction, and thereby impart the same impulse to the propeller or other instrumentality with which it may be connected. When the slide 48 has been reciprocated to its limit ineither direction, the pin 30 will enter a terminal straight or neutral portion 504 or 505 of the cam-slot 50 and Will lock the lever 28 until it is again shifted. As the slide 48 reciprocates toward thefleft, as just stated, the pin 47 of lever 43 will ride in the straight portion 51 of slot 51 IOO IIO

in said slide and will retain lever 43 in the normal' position. (Represented in Fig. 1.) When the quill 12 is connected in the manner described to the driving-shaft 10 102, the shaft 38', its gears 39 and 40,' and the gears 33, 34, and 35 are idle, and the onlyparts that rotate are said driving-shaft 10, the friction-cup 8, splined thereto, and the quill 12 and intermediate parts connecting said quill with the cu p 8 in the manner stated. In this Way the for- Ward speed of the driving-shaft is applied to the driven shaft 56, and the mechanism impelled thereby is given its full forward impulse with a minimum of frictional resistance.

Should it be desired to reverse the motion of the driven shaft 56, the lever 52 is when the machinery is arranged in the manner represented pulled to the right, and'through the connections described the slide 48 is reciprocated in the same direction, causing the portion 503 of cam-slot 50 to shift the lever 28, shipper-ring 26, and the wedge-blocks 22, thereby withdrawing the one of said blocks from between the levers 17 at the left and forcing through the other Wedge-block 22 and levers 17 the expansion-ring 16 intocontact with the inner walls of the friction-cup 9; but before this action takes place, however, (and here, it is distinctly to be understood, resides one of the important features of my invention,) the active portion 513 of the cam-slot 51 has acted upon the stud or roller 47, projecting from the arm 43' of the lever 43, and has shifted the gear-wheel 33, carrying the clutch-pins 41 along the hub 8' of the friction-cup 8, thereby causing the pins 42, carried by said cup, to enter the concentric groove 33/ in said ring and to be in engagement With said pins 4l when the split ring16 is expanded to lock the friction-cup 9 to the quill or sleeve 12. When this result has been accomplished, the gear 33, being clutched to the friction-cup 8, which, as above stated, is splined to the driving-shaft 10, said cup now acting as a part of the reversing mechanism, will impart motion to the gear-Wheel 39 of shaft 38, and this shaft,through gear-Wheel 40, splined thereto, will drive the idler 35, and the gear-Wheel 34, splined to the hub of the friction-cup 9, will impart rotary motion in reverse direction to the quill 12 and, by theagency of said quill, the sleeve 13, and intermediate mechanism, to the driven shaft 56. The object in throwing the gear-.wheel 33, carrying the clutchpins 4 1, along the hub 8 of friction-cup 8 before the levers 17 are actuated to bind the eX- pansion-ring 16' to the sleeve 13 is to avoid shock on the quick reverse movement of the mechanism and to enable the gear-Wheel 33 and the gearing connected therewith to be started ijn motion just before the levers 17 at the right of the construction are operated to actuate the expansion-ring 16 and bind the frictioncup 9 to the sleeve 13. If this were not the case, there would be danger of shearing off or breaking the pins 41 42 when power is suddenly applied by the expansion of the ring 16 to lock the part-s together.

As above stated, it will be noted that when the parts of my improved mechanism are in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 4 the driving-shaft operates but one element of said mechanism-viz., the friction-cup S-all the remaining parts thereof being idle, but in readiness to be thrown into immediate action when the shipper-ring 26 is shifted to reverse the motion of the driven shaft.

In assembling and disassembling the parts of my improved mechanism the friction-cups 8 and 9, the sleeve 13, the sets of levers carried thereby, the expansion-rings connected by keys to said sleeve 13, and the gear-wheels 33 and 34 constitute a unitary structure which when assembled may be placed in the half-bearings? and secured in position by the caps 3l 31 and the bolts and nuts 32 32'. The driving-shaft is then connected by the spline 11 with the hub of the friction-cup 8, and the driven shaft is keyed to quill 12. By providing this simple construction the parts may be readily assembled and disassembled and may be placed in position with ease and accuracy.

Vhile gearing for operating the driven shaft at the same speed both forward and backwardis illustrated, it is distinctly to be understood that by substituting gears of different proportions from those shown varying speeds may be applied to the driven shaft as circumstances may require, and the invention is not, therefore, limited to the gearing illustrated and described, nor is it limited to .toothed gearing, for other kinds of gearing may be employed, if desired.

My invention is not limited to the precise means shown and set forth for clutching the gear-Wheel 33 with the friction-cup 8 when it is desired to impart a reverse motion to the driven shaft, nor is it limited to the cam mechanism illustrated for actuating said gear- Wheel and the shipper ring carrying the wedge-blocks for operating the pivoted levers, for various devices different therefrom may be substituted therefor Without departure from the invention. So, too, the invention is not limited tothe framing shown `nor to the precise means for connecting the pivoted levers 17 so that they may be adjusted in unison and may rock upon the pitch-line.

Various changes in the mechanism for actuating the cam-slide may also be made, and said slide may be operated automatically under some circumstances instead of manually, as shown', if desired. So, too, different kinds of cam mechanism may be employed as substitutes for that shown Without departure from the invention. p

No claim is vherein made to the improved clutch shown and described, for it constitutes the subject-matter of my application filed February 8, 1902, Serial No. 93,143.

Having thus described my invention, what IOO TIO

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I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a driven shaft, of means for rotating said shaft; reversing mechanism including a shiftable element; means for connecting a part of said. reversing mechanism with the driven shaft; and means for coupling said shiftable element with a member of the reversing mechanism before said reversing mechanism is thrown into action.

2. The combination, with a driven shaft, of means for rotating said shaft; reversing mechanism including a shiftable gear; gearing for connecting said reversing mechanism with the driven shaft; and means for clutching said shiftable gear with a part of the reversing mechanism before said reversing mechanism is thrown into action.

3. The combination, witha shaft, of devices for driving said shaft; mechanism for connecting said devices with the shaft to operate it first in one direction and then in the other direction; a shiftable element adapted to he thrown into engagement with a member of the shaft-operating devices before said devices are connected to the shaft; and means for actuating said shiftable element.

4. The combination, with a shaft, of means for driving said shaft in opposite directions; devices for alternately clutching said means to the shaft; a shiftable element adapted to engage a member of the shaft-driving devices before said devices are connected to the shaft; and means for actuating said shiftable element.

5. The combination, with a driven shaft, of gearing for turning said driven shaft in opposite directions, said gearing including a shiftable element; means for engaging said shiftable element with a part of the shaft-operating devices before the shaft is reversed; devices for clutching the driven shaft to the driving-shaft when it is desired to reverse said driven shaft; and means for actuating said clutching devices.

6. The combination, with a driven shaft, of

a quill connected to said shaft; a drivingshaft upon which the quill is supported; clutch mechanism cooperating with the driving-shaft and adapted to rotate the quill and driven shaft in one direction; reversing mechanism means for clutching a part of said reversing mechanism to the quill; and means for clutching an element of said reversing mechanism to the driving-shaft before the quill-clutching mechanism is actuated.

7. The combination, with a driven shaft, of a quill connected to said shaft; a drivingshaft surrounded by said quill; friction-clutch mechanism cooperating with the drivingshaft and adapted to rotate the quill and driven shaftin one direction; reversing mechanism; means for clutching a part of said reversing mechanism to the quill; and means for clutching another part of said reversing mechanism to the driving-shaft just before S. In mechanism of the class described, the combination, with a driving-shaft, of a clutch element connected to said driving-shaft and rotating therewith; a driven shaft; means for connecting the driving and driven shafts to rotate said driven shaft in a forward direction; reversing mechanism, includingashiftable element; means for throwing the main partof said reversing mechanisminto action; and means for connecting the shiftable element of said reversing mechanism to the driving-shaft before said main part thereof is thrown into action.

9. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a clutch member directly connected to said driving-shaft and having a hub; a shiftable element loosely mounted upon the hub of said clutch member; means for connecting said shiftable element with the clutch member when said element is thrown in one direction; a driven shaft; means for connecting the clutch member with said driven shaft; a second clutch member; means for connecting said second clutch member with the driven shaft 1o reverse the motion thereof; and means for throwing the shiftable element into contact with the clutch member directly connected with the driving-shaft before the second clutch member is actuated.

l0. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a clutch member having a hub connected to rotate with said driving-shaft; an element sleeved upon said hub; means for shifting said element along the hub; means for clutching said shiftable element with the clutch member; a driven shaft; means for connecting said clutch member with the driven shaft to rotate the same in a forward direction; and mechanism controlled by the shiftable element when it is connected with the clutch member, for reversing the motion of the driven shaft.

1l. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a friction-cuphaving a hub connected to `said driving-shaft; a gear-wheel normally loosely mounted on said hub; means for clutching said gear-wheel to the friction-cup; a driven shaft; gearing connected with said loosely-mounted gear and adapted to reverse the motion of the driven shaft; and means for connecting said gearing to said driven shaft.

l2. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a friction-cup connected to said shaft and driven thereby; a quill surrounding the driving-shaft; a driven shaft connected to the quill; a sleeve splined to the quill; an expansion-ring mounted within the friction-cup and connected with the sleeve; means for actuating said ring to clutch it to the friction-cup; reversing mechanism; a shiftable element cooperating with the friction-cup and adapted to be clutched thereto before the reversing IOO IZO

13. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a friction-cup connected to said drivingshaft and driven thereby; a quill surrounding the driving-shaft; a driven shaftrotated by said quill; a sleeve connected to the quill; an expansion-ring mounted within the friction-cu pand keyed to the sleeve; lever mechanism for expanding said ring to clutch it tov the hub of' said friction-cup; clutch devices carried by said gear; mechanism for shifting the gear; complemental clutch devices carried by the friction-cup and adapted to engage with the clutch devices of the gear when the latter is shifted; an expansion-ring; a sleeve splined to the quill and connected with said expansion-ring; meansfor throwingsaid vexpansion-ring into con tact with the frictioncup; a second friction-cup loosely mounted upon the quill; an expansion-ring keyed to the sleeve and mounted within the second friction-cup; means for` expanding `said ring to lock it to the cup; and devices for actuating said means.-

15. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a quill loosely surrounding said shaft; a driven shaft connected to said quill; a friction-cup connected to the driving-shaft and rotating therewith; means for clutching said cup to the quill, thereby to impart a forward motion to the driven shaft; and means for reversing the motion of the quill and driven shaft, said means including a shiftable element adapted to be clutched to the frictioncup before the remainder ofthe reversing mechanism is connected to the quill.

16. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a quill loose on said shaft; a sleeve splined to the quill; a driven shaft operatively connected to said quill; a friction-cup connected to rotate with the driving-shaft; means for coupling said friction-cup to the sleeve when it is desired to rotate the driven shaft in one direction; a second friction-cup; a gear fixed .to said cup; means for connecting said second cup to the sleeve; a gear loosely mounted with relation to one of the friction cups; clutch devices for coupling said friction-cup and gear together; a counter-shaft; and gearing connecting said counter-shaft With the gears actuated by the friction-cups.

17. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a quill loosely mounted on said shaft; a driven shaft keyed to the quill; friction-cu ps surrounding the quill, one of said cups being splined to the driving-shaft; a sleeve splined to the quill; keys carried by the sleeve; ex-

pansion-rings fitted within the friction-cups and having slots to receive the keys; pivoted levers for actuating the expansion-rings; a shipper-sleeve; wedge-blocks carried by said sleeve; means for actuating the shippersleeve; and mechanism for reversing the motion ot' the driven shaft.

18. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a quill loosely surrounding said drivingshaft; a driven shaft keyed to the quill; a vsleeve splincd to the quill; keys carried by the sleeve; expansion-rings fitted over the keys; a pair of levers pivoted to each eXpansion-ring; ashipper-sleeve; wedge-blocks secured to said shipper-sleeve; a lever for actuating said shipper-sleeve; a cam having active and neutral portions for actuating the lever; meansforactuatingthe cam; frictioncups, oneof which is splined to the drivingshaft; and means for actuating said cups.

19. In mechanism ofthe class described,the combination,with framework,of friction-cups supported for rotation in bearings of said framework, one of said friction-cups being connected to rotate with the driving-shaft; a driving-shaft; a quill loosely surrounding said driving-shaft and upon which the other friction-cup is loosely mounted; means for alternately clutching the friction-cups to said quill, when it is desired to drive the mechanism in a forward direction or to reverse said mechanism; a gear connected to one of the friction-cups; a gear loosely mounted with relation to the other friction-cup; means for connecting said loosely-mounted gear with said friction-cup; kand gearing controlled by said gears for reversing the motion of the mechanism.

20. In mechanism of the class described,the combination, with a driving-shaft, of a device connected to said driving-shaft; clutch mechanism carried by said device; a shiftable element; complemental clutch mechanism carried by said shiftable element; reversing mechanism; and means for moving said shiftable element with relation to the device connected to the driving-shaft to clutch the same to'said device and set the reversing mechanism in operation.

2l. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a device having a hub splined to said driving-shaft; clutch-pins carried by said device; a shiftable element loosely mounted on the hub of said device and having a groove for the reception of said clutch-pins; complemental clutch-pins carried vby said shiftable element; means for shifting said element along/the hub of said device; a driven shaft; means for connecting said device with the driven shaft; and intermediate mechanism for reversing the motion of the driven shaft after the shiftable element has been clutched to said device.

22. Inmechanismofthe class described,the

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combination with a driving-shaft, of a friction-cup having a hub splined to said driving-shaft; a quill loosely mounted upon the driving shaft; a sleeve connected to the quill; an expansion-ring within the frictioncnp; a key carried by the sleeve and enteringa groove in said expansion-ring; a pair of pivoted levers for actuating the expansionring; means for connecting said levers with each other so that they will rock together; means for actuating the levers to cause them to expand the expansion-ring; a driven shaft; and mechanism connected with the frictioncup for reversing the motion of said driven shaft.

23. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a quill loosely surrounding said drivingshaft; a friction-cup havingahub splincd to the driving-shaft; a gear loosely mounted on the hub of said cup; clutch devices between the cup and gear; means for shifting the gear to cause the clutch devices to engage; means for connecting the quill with the friction-cup; a friction-cup loosely mounted on the quill, said cup carryinga gear; ashaft having gears in engagement with the gears'of the frictioncups; an idler intermeshing with one of the gears of the shaft and with the gear of the friction-cup on the quill; and means forcoupling the friction-cup loose on the quill to said quill when it is desired to reverse the driven shaft.

24. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a friction-cup having a hub connected to said driving-shaft; a gear loosely mounted on said hub; a clutch carried by the gear; a clutch carried by the friction-cup; a lever for shifting the gear along' the hub to cause the clutches to engage; a device for actuating said lever; a shaft having a gear in engagement with the gear upon the hub; another gear also carried by said shaft; a driven shaft; reversing mechanism; and means for connecting said reversing mechanism to the driven shaft.

25. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a friction-cup connected to rotate with said driving-shaft; a gear-wheel loosely mounted with relation to said friction-cup and having a concentric groove; a series of clutch-pins carried by the gear-wheel; a series of clutchpins carried by the friction-cup and adapted to enter the concentric groove in said gearwheel before coming into contact with the clutch-pins thereof; a lever for shifting the gear-wheel to clutch it to the friction-cup; a cam for actuating said lever; a driven shaft; mechanism for reversing the motion of said shaft; and means for actuating said mechanism.

26. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a driven shaft; means for connecting the driving and driven shafts to rotate the driven shaft in a forward direction; reversing mechanism clutch mechanism cooperating with a part of said reversing mechanism; clutch mechanism copcrating with another part of said reversing mechanism; and cams for throwing first one of said clutch mechanisms and then another of said clutch mechanisms into action, whereby the driven shaft maybe reversed without strain or shock.

27. In mechanism of the class described, the combination with a driving-shaft, of a friction-cup connected to said driving-shaft; a quill loosely mounted upon the driving-shaft; a driven shaft actuated by the quill; means for locking the friction-cup to the quill when it is desired to rotate the driven shaft in a forward direction; reversing mechanism, including asecond friction-cup; and means for locking said second friction-cup to the quill when it is desired to' rotate the driven shaft in an opposite direction.

2S. The combination, with a driving-shaft; of a friction-cup having a hub splined to said driving-shaft; a quill loosely surrounding the driving-shaft; a driven shaft keyed to the quill; a sleeve splined to the quill; an expansion-ring connected to rotate with the sleeve; pivoted levers carried by the expansion-ring;

a shipper-sleeve; a wedge-block carried byA said shipper-sleeve and adapted to actuate said pivoted levers to clutch the expansionring to the friction-cup; a `slide carrying a cam a lever controlled by said cam and adapted to actuate the shipper-sleeve; and means connected with the friction-cup for reversing the movement of the quill and driven shaft.

29. rlhe combination, with a driving-shaft, of a driven shaft; means for connecting the driving-shaft with the driven shaft to rotate said driven shaft in a forward direction; reversing mechanism; a pair of cams; means controlled by one of said cams for first throwing a part of said reversing mechanism into action; and means controlled by another of said cams for subsequently throwing another part of said reversing mechanism into action, whereby the driven shaft may be reversed without strain or shock.

30. In mechanism of the class described, the combination, witha driving-shaft having an extension of less diameter than the main portion of said shaft, of a quill loosely surrounding said shaft; a driven shaft having a reduced portion keyed to said quill; and means controlled by the driving-shaft for aetuating the quill in one direction and the driven shaft in an opposite direction.

3l. In mechanism of the class described, the combination, with a driving-shaft, of a quill loosely surrounding said driving-shaft; a driven shaft keyed to the quill; a frictioncup splined to the driving-shaft; a frictioncup loosely mounted upon the quill and carrying a gear; a sleevesplined to the quill; means for alternately clutching each of said friction-cups to the sleeve; and mechanism controlled by a part of said means for reversing the motion of the quill and driven shaft.

32. The combination, with a driven shaft, and with means for actuating said shaft, of a gear-wheel connected with said means and ICO ITOH

having a grooved face; clutch-pins carried by the gear-Wheel; complemental clutch-pins carried by a part of the shaft-actuating mechanism; a lever for shifting the gear-wheel to throw its clutch-pins into connection With said complemental clutch-pins; a cam having neutral and active portions for actuating said lever; and means for operating said cam.

33. The combination, With a driving-shaft, of a friction-cup having a hub splined to said driving-shaft; a quill loosely mounted on the driving-shaft; a driven shaft connected with the quill; a second friction-cup loose upon the quill; a gear fixed to said friction-cup; a grooved sleeve splined to the quill; keys carried by the sleeve; expansion-rings locked to the sleeve by said keys; pivoted levers for expanding said expansion-rings; a shippersleeve; Wedge-blocks secured to said shippersleeve and traveling in grooves of the sleeve splined to the quill; an angle-lever; a slide having a cam for actuating said angle-lever; a gear mounted upon the hub of the frictioncup splined to the driving-shaft; clutch-pins carried by said gear; clutch-pins upon the friction-cup; an angle-lever for reciprocating said gear along the hub; a cam carried by the slide for actuating said angle-lever; means for actuating the slide; and gearing for connecting the gear on the hub of the frictioncup splined to the driving-shaft With the gear of the friction-cup loose upon the quill.

34:. The combination, with a driving-shaft, of a quill sleeved on said shaft; a driven shaft controlled by the quill; a clutch member carried by the driving-shaft; means for connecting said clutch member to the quill; and means for reversing the motion of the quill, said means including a shiftable element adapted to be engaged with said clutchv member.

35. The combinatiomwith a shaft, of a device connected t0 rotate with said shaft; a clutch part carried by said device; a shiftable element loosely mounted with relation to said device, and having a groove to receive said clutch part; a complemental clutch part carried by said shiftable element; a second shaft; and means for connecting said device with said second shaft.

36. In mechanism of the class described, the combination, with a driving-shaft, of a clutch member connected to said drivingshaft; a quill loosely mounted on the drivingshaft; a driven shaft actuated bythe quill; means for locking said clutch member to the quill; reversing mechanism, including a second clutch member; and means for locking said second clutch member to lthe quill.

37. The combinatiomwith a shaft, of means for driving said shaft in one direction; a clutch device carried by a member of said means; a shiftable element having a groove to receive the clutch device; a clutch device carried by said shiftable element; and shaftreversing mechanism connected with said shiftable member.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MOSES O. JOHNSON. lVitnesses:

FRANCES E. BLODGETT, FRANK G. CAMPBELL. 

